According to CNN Indonesia, citing that in the data presented by the Ministry of Communication and Information, there are 800 thousand sites in Indonesia that are indicated as spreading false news and expressing hatred (hate) (Pratama, 2016). The Ministry of Communication and Information has also succeeded in 773 thousand sites in 2016 based on 10 groups. The ten groups include pornography, racial intolerance, illegal conversation, drugs, gambling, radicalism, violence, children, internet security, and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Of that amount, the most is pornography (Jamaludin, 2016).
2. Original text
hoaks or hoaxes are hoax news or non-sourced news. Hoax is information that is actually not true, but is made as if it were true. This is seen with so much hoax information. Misleading hoax news circulates through various digital channels, including online media sites, blogs, websites, social media, e-mail and instant messaging applications. The spread of hoaxes on the internet is actually not a problem that only occurs in Indonesia. In fact, the United States even experienced serious problems related to the spread of hoaxes on social media, especially Facebook and Twitter.
What simple actions can we take so as not to join in spreading hoaxes? The following tips:
1. Be careful with provocative titles
The news hoax often uses a sensational and provocative title. The contents can also be taken from official media news, which are altered to create the desired perception of the hoax news maker.
2. Pay attention to Site Address
For information obtained from the website or including a link, check the URL address of the site in question. If it comes from a site that has not been verified as an official press institution, for example using a blog domain, the information is arguably dubious. According to Press Council records, in Indonesia there are around 43,000 sites that claim to be news portals.
3. Check the Facts
You need to pay attention to where the news is obtained. Is it from an official institution such as the KPK or the National Police. You should not easily believe if the information comes from CSO activists, political figures or observers.
4. Check the Authenticity of Photos
In the current era of digital technology, not only text content can be manipulated, but also other content in the form of photos or videos. There are times when fake news makers also edit photos to provoke readers.
5. Participate in Anti Hoax Discussion Groups
On Facebook there are a number of anti-hoax fanpage and discussion groups, for example the Anti-Defamation, Hasut and Hoax (FAFHH) Forum, Indonesian Hoax Buster Fanpage & Group, Indonesian Hoaxes Fanpage, and the Lifeboat Group.
3. The results of paraphrase
Hoax is news that we often see but the news is not appropriate, does not have clear facts or can be said fake news whose information is not true, but the news is made as if it were true / reality carried out by unscrupulous elements. smart way to overcome so that users or listeners of social media avoid hoax news.
- First, be careful with provocative headlines. In news, usually a hoax will begin by using provocative titles with sensational intentions in order to provoke readers or listeners. Often giving provocative sensational titles, for example by pointing directly certain parties. Content in the news is often quoted from other official media and adjusted to their needs by making the content as interesting as possible. Therefore, if you find a provocative headline, you should look for references that have clear facts or in the form Similar news from the official online site, then compares the contents of the two, whether they are the same or different. In this way, the reader can at least reach a more precise or balanced conclusion.
- As for, participating in anti-hoax discussion groups. On social media that are already available such as Facebook there are already a number of anti-hoax fanpage and discussion groups. In this discussion group, netizens can join to ask whether the information is true or not, and get clerication given by others. (https://www.cnnindonesia.com/teknologi/20161201200807-185-176705/lima-cara-anticipasi-berita-hoax-di-media-social/) the government acts through the ministry of communication and technology information to promote educational programs for the use of social media hereby users can use social media responsibly and not cheat or hate.
- Therefore, check the correct data or facts. By checking the data or news, we will avoid hoax news. Before we have to know where the news came from? who is the source of the news? is it from an official institution or not? if not, don't be quick to believe the news, pay attention to the balance of the news source. The thing we need to pay attention to in choosing the right news is in terms of the difference between news based on facts and opinions. A fact is something that happens based on clear evidence because with evidence it can strengthen the results of the news while opinions are thoughts or opinions of someone about the news so it tends to be subjective.
Consequently, we as a people who often see the news and who use existing social media we must be smart and able to filter news well and wisely so that we do not misunderstand the news. If you are curious about news that is still in doubt, ask the colleagues from news sources. Finally, let's say "Stop" to hoax news.